Palou is a Catalan surname. Notable people with the surname include:

• Álex Palou (born 1997), Spanish racing driver
• Anthony Palou (born 1965), French writer
• Berenguier de Palou (fl. 1160–1209), Catalan troubadour from Palol in the County of Roussillon
• Berenguer de Palou II (died 1241), Bishop of Barcelona from 1212 to 1241
• Francesc Palóu (1723–1789), Spanish Franciscan missionary, administrator and historian
• Jaime Serra Palou (born 1964), Catalan artist and journalist
• Jaume Matas Palou (born 1956), Spanish politician
• Matilde Palou, Mexican film actress
• Maria del Mar Bonnin Palou (born 1990), Spanish racing cyclist
• Robert Pérez Palou (born 1948), Spanish portrait painter